In basketball, a pivot is performed if a player keeps one foot on the ground in a fixed position and then uses the other one to rotate his body to improve his position in the game while in possession of the ball. In a similar vein, a pivot in the startup world means a change in strategy, but without a change of vision .
Many different kinds of pivots exist . The most common are: Customer Pivot — finding a better customer (problem owner) worth serving; Problem Pivot — finding a better problem worth solving; Solution Pivot — changing the nature of the solution.
Famous pivot examples are YouTube, Slack, and Flickr to name but a few.
References
{2420821:FN3HVFUS},{2420821:IKVQ2SZ3};{2420821:7EDDR3PD}
apa
default
asc
yes
913
%7B%22status%22%3A%22success%22%2C%22updateneeded%22%3Afalse%2C%22instance%22%3A%22zotpress-3346bb50581c65491b9800c86b765583%22%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22request_last%22%3A0%2C%22request_next%22%3A0%2C%22used_cache%22%3Atrue%7D%2C%22data%22%3A%5B%7B%22key%22%3A%227EDDR3PD%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A2420821%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Bajwa%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222017-10-01%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EBajwa%2C%20S.%20S.%2C%20Wang%2C%20X.%2C%20Nguyen%20Duc%2C%20A.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Abrahamsson%2C%20P.%20%282017%29.%20%26%23x201C%3BFailures%26%23x201D%3B%20to%20be%20celebrated%3A%20an%20analysis%20of%20major%20pivots%20of%20software%20startups.%20%3Ci%3EEmpirical%20Software%20Engineering%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E22%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%285%29%2C%202373%26%23x2013%3B2408.%20%3Ca%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1007%5C%2Fs10664-016-9458-0%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1007%5C%2Fs10664-016-9458-0%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22%5Cu201cFailures%5Cu201d%20to%20be%20celebrated%3A%20an%20analysis%20of%20major%20pivots%20of%20software%20startups%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Sohaib%20Shahid%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bajwa%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Xiaofeng%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Wang%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Anh%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Nguyen%20Duc%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Pekka%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Abrahamsson%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22In%20the%20context%20of%20software%20startups%2C%20project%20failure%20is%20embraced%20actively%20and%20considered%20crucial%20to%20obtain%20validated%20learning%20that%20can%20lead%20to%20pivots.%20A%20pivot%20is%20the%20strategic%20change%20of%20a%20business%20concept%2C%20product%20or%20the%20different%20elements%20of%20a%20business%20model.%20A%20better%20understanding%20is%20needed%20on%20different%20types%20of%20pivots%20and%20different%20factors%20that%20lead%20to%20failures%20and%20trigger%20pivots%2C%20for%20software%20entrepreneurial%20teams%20to%20make%20better%20decisions%20under%20chaotic%20and%20unpredictable%20environment.%20Due%20to%20the%20nascent%20nature%20of%20the%20topic%2C%20the%20existing%20research%20and%20knowledge%20on%20the%20pivots%20of%20software%20startups%20are%20very%20limited.%20In%20this%20study%2C%20we%20aimed%20at%20identifying%20the%20major%20types%20of%20pivots%20that%20software%20startups%20make%20during%20their%20startup%20processes%2C%20and%20highlighting%20the%20factors%20that%20fail%20software%20projects%20and%20trigger%20pivots.%20To%20achieve%20this%2C%20we%20conducted%20a%20case%20survey%20study%20based%20on%20the%20secondary%20data%20of%20the%20major%20pivots%20happened%20in%2049%20software%20startups.%2010%20pivot%20types%20and%2014%20triggering%20factors%20were%20identified.%20The%20findings%20show%20that%20customer%20need%20pivot%20is%20the%20most%20common%20among%20all%20pivot%20types.%20Together%20with%20customer%20segment%20pivot%2C%20they%20are%20common%20market%20related%20pivots.%20The%20major%20product%20related%20pivots%20are%20zoom-in%20and%20technology%20pivots.%20Several%20new%20pivot%20types%20were%20identified%2C%20including%20market%20zoom-in%2C%20complete%20and%20side%20project%20pivots.%20Our%20study%20also%20demonstrates%20that%20negative%20customer%20reaction%20and%20flawed%20business%20model%20are%20the%20most%20common%20factors%20that%20trigger%20pivots%20in%20software%20startups.%20Our%20study%20extends%20the%20research%20knowledge%20on%20software%20startup%20pivot%20types%20and%20pivot%20triggering%20factors.%20Meanwhile%20it%20provides%20practical%20knowledge%20to%20software%20startups%2C%20which%20they%20can%20utilize%20to%20guide%20their%20effective%20decisions%20on%20pivoting.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222017-10-01%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1007%5C%2Fs10664-016-9458-0%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221573-7616%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1007%5C%2Fs10664-016-9458-0%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-03-23T16%3A11%3A08Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22FN3HVFUS%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A2420821%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Ries%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222011-09-13%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3ERies%2C%20E.%20%282011%29.%20%3Ci%3EThe%20Lean%20Startup%3A%20How%20Today%26%23x2019%3Bs%20Entrepreneurs%20Use%20Continuous%20Innovation%20to%20Create%20Radically%20Successful%20Businesses%3C%5C%2Fi%3E.%20Crown%20Business.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22book%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22The%20Lean%20Startup%3A%20How%20Today%27s%20Entrepreneurs%20Use%20Continuous%20Innovation%20to%20Create%20Radically%20Successful%20Businesses%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Eric%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ries%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Most%20startups%20fail.%20But%20many%20of%20those%20failures%20are%20preventable.%5Cu00a0%20The%20Lean%20Startup%20is%20a%20new%20approach%20being%20adopted%20across%20the%20globe%2C%20changing%20the%20way%20companies%20are%20built%20and%20new%20products%20are%20launched.%20Eric%20Ries%20defines%20a%20startup%20as%5Cu00a0an%20organization%20dedicated%20to%20creating%20something%20new%20under%20conditions%20of%20extreme%20uncertainty.%20This%20is%20just%20as%20true%20for%20one%20person%20in%20a%20garage%20or%20a%20group%20of%20seasoned%20professionals%20in%20a%20Fortune%20500%20boardroom.%20What%20they%20have%20in%20common%20is%20a%20mission%20to%20penetrate%20that%20fog%20of%20uncertainty%20to%20discover%20a%20successful%20path%20to%20a%20sustainable%20business.%20The%20Lean%20Startup%20approach%20fosters%20companies%20that%20are%20both%20more%20capital%20efficient%20and%20that%20leverage%20human%20creativity%20more%20effectively.%5Cu00a0%20Inspired%20by%20lessons%20from%20lean%20manufacturing%2C%20it%20relies%20on%20%5Cu201cvalidated%20learning%2C%5Cu201d%20rapid%20scientific%20experimentation%2C%20as%20well%20as%20a%20number%20of%20counter-intuitive%20practices%20that%20shorten%20product%20development%20cycles%2C%20measure%20actual%20progress%20without%20resorting%20to%20vanity%20metrics%2C%20and%20learn%20what%20customers%20really%20want.%20It%20enables%20a%20company%20to%20shift%20directions%20with%20agility%2C%20altering%20plans%20inch%20by%20inch%2C%20minute%20by%20minute.%20Rather%20than%20wasting%20time%20creating%20elaborate%20business%20plans%2C%20The%20Lean%20Startup%20offers%20entrepreneurs%20-%20in%20companies%20of%20all%20sizes%20-%20a%20way%20to%20test%20their%20vision%20continuously%2C%20to%20adapt%20and%20adjust%20before%20it%5Cu2019s%20too%20late.%20Ries%20provides%20a%20scientific%20approach%20to%20creating%20and%20managing%20successful%20startups%20in%20a%20age%20when%20companies%20need%20to%20innovate%20more%20than%20ever.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%2213.%20September%202011%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22Englisch%22%2C%22ISBN%22%3A%22978-0-307-88789-4%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-03-05T19%3A55%3A54Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22IKVQ2SZ3%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A2420821%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Ries%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222017-10-17%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3ERies%2C%20E.%20%282017%29.%20%3Ci%3EThe%20Startup%20Way%3A%20How%20Modern%20Companies%20Use%20Entrepreneurial%20Management%20to%20Transform%20Culture%20and%20Drive%20Long-Term%20Growth%3C%5C%2Fi%3E.%20Currency.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22book%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22The%20Startup%20Way%3A%20How%20Modern%20Companies%20Use%20Entrepreneurial%20Management%20to%20Transform%20Culture%20and%20Drive%20Long-Term%20Growth%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Eric%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ries%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Entrepreneur%20and%20bestselling%20author%20of%5Cu00a0The%20Lean%20Startup%2C%5Cu00a0Eric%20Ries%20reveals%20how%20entrepreneurial%20principles%20can%20be%20used%20by%20businesses%20of%20all%20kinds%2C%20ranging%20from%20established%20companies%20to%20early-stage%20startups%2C%20to%20grow%20revenues%2C%20drive%20innovation%2C%20and%20transform%20themselves%20into%20truly%20modern%20organizations%2C%20poised%20to%20take%20advantage%20of%20the%20enormous%20opportunities%20of%20the%20twenty-first%20century.%5Cu00a0%5Cu00a0%20In%5Cu00a0The%20Lean%20Startup%2C%20Eric%20Ries%20laid%20out%20the%20practices%20of%20successful%20startups%20%5Cu2013%20building%20a%20minimal%20viable%20product%2C%20customer-focused%20and%20scientific%20testing%20based%20on%20a%20build-measure-learn%20method%20of%20continuous%20innovation%2C%20and%20deciding%20whether%20to%20persevere%20or%20pivot.%20In%5Cu00a0The%20Startup%20Way%2C%20he%20turns%20his%20attention%20to%20an%20entirely%20new%20group%20of%20organizations%3A%20established%20enterprises%20like%20iconic%20multinationals%20GE%20and%20Toyota%2C%20tech%20titans%20like%20Amazon%20and%20Facebook%2C%20and%20the%20next%20generation%20of%20Silicon%20Valley%20upstarts%20like%20Airbnb%20and%20Twilio.%20Drawing%20on%20his%20experiences%20over%20the%20past%20five%20years%20working%20with%20these%20organizations%2C%20as%20well%20as%20nonprofits%2C%20NGOs%2C%20and%20governments%2C%5Cu00a0Ries%20lays%20out%20a%20system%20of%20entrepreneurial%20management%20that%20leads%20organizations%20of%20all%20sizes%20%5Cu00a0and%20from%20every%20industry%20to%20sustainable%20growth%20and%20long-term%20impact.%5Cu00a0Filled%20with%20in-the-field%20stories%2C%20insights%2C%20and%20tools%2C%5Cu00a0The%20Startup%20Way%5Cu00a0is%20an%20essential%20road%20map%20for%20any%20organization%20navigating%20the%20uncertain%20waters%20of%20the%20century%20ahead.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22October%2017%2C%202017%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22English%22%2C%22ISBN%22%3A%22978-1-101-90320-9%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22QAQ4EBSS%22%2C%22KVJ4ESL9%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-02-03T17%3A01%3A35Z%22%7D%7D%5D%7D
Bajwa, S. S., Wang, X., Nguyen Duc, A., & Abrahamsson, P. (2017). “Failures” to be celebrated: an analysis of major pivots of software startups. Empirical Software Engineering, 22(5), 2373–2408. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10664-016-9458-0
Ries, E. (2011). The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. Crown Business.
Ries, E. (2017). The Startup Way: How Modern Companies Use Entrepreneurial Management to Transform Culture and Drive Long-Term Growth. Currency.
